捷联惯性/大视场星光组合导航方法研究

近年来,使用星敏感器的导弹、火箭惯性组合导航成为国内外研究的热点.本文对捷联惯性/大视场星光组合导航方法进行了研究,建立了卡尔曼滤波方程,并利用SINS误差转移矩阵方法估计主动段导航误差.数学仿真表明:捷联惯性/大视场星光组合导航方法不仅可以修正姿态角偏差和陀螺常值漂移,还可以对主动段的速度、位置误差有很好的估计效果.     

Geometric calibration of Colour and Stereo Surface Imaging System of ESA’s Trace Gas Orbiter

There are many geometric calibration methods for “standard” cameras. These methods, however, cannot be used for the calibration of telescopes with large focal lengths and complex off-axis optics. Moreover, specialized calibration methods for the telescopes are scarce in literature. We describe the calibration method that we developed for the Colour and Stereo Surface Imaging System (CaSSIS) telescope, on board of the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO). Although our method is described in the context of CaSSIS, with camera-specific experiments, it is general and can be applied to other telescopes. We further encourage re-use of the proposed method by making our calibration code and data available on-line.     

Progress of Double Star Program

The Double Star Programme (DSP) is the first joint space mission between China and ESA. The mission, which is made of two spacecraft, is designed to investigate the magnetospheric global processes and their response to the interplanetary disturbances in conjunction with the Cluster mission. The first spacecraft, TC-1 (Tan Ce means "Explorer"), was launched on 30 December 2003, and the second one, TC-2, on 25 July 2004 on board two Chinese Long March 2C. Due to the importance of and success of DSP, both CNSA and ESA approved the extension of DSP. This paper presents DSP mission and some important scientific results made based on the data of DSP.     

全天球实时恒星模拟器技术

阐述了研制全天球实时恒星模拟器的意义以及国内外发展趋势,介绍第二代恒星模拟器的系统组成、特点、技术指标以及解决的技术问题。     

Astrophysics in 2006

The fastest pulsar and the slowest nova; the oldest galaxies and the youngest stars; the weirdest life forms and the commonest dwarfs; the highest energy particles and the lowest energy photons. These were some of the extremes of Astrophysics 2006. We attempt also to bring you updates on things of which there is currently only one (habitable planets, the Sun, and the Universe) and others of which there are always many, like meteors and molecules, black holes and binaries.     

四边形全天自主星图识别算法

讨论了一种新的无须任何先验知识的星图识别算法。该算法将四边形星图模式分解为两个具有公共边的三角形模式，使用三角形模式的特征，在保证自满计算量和星载星表的存储容量的前提下，使算法的识别成功率得以星著提高。Ｍｏｎｔｅ Ｃａｒｌｏ实验表明，在星等误差０．５星等（３σ），位置误差１０角秒（１σ）时，该算法的识别成功率接近１００％。     

一种新的星模式识别算法

研究了面向星敏感器的星模式识别算法。首先扼要介绍了到目前为止出现的所有面向星敏感器的星模式识别算法和星图预处理，然后详细论述了本文提出的基于旋转和比例不变点特征松弛匹配算法的一种新的面向星敏感器的星模式识别算法。在第三部分通过仿真试验检验了新算法的性能。初步的仿真试验结果表明该星模式识别算法性能优良，具有实用价值。最后讨论了待深入研究的问题。     

一种新的全天自主星图识别算法

在星图识别领域三角形算法得到了广泛的应用，但是在星对角距很小的情况下，其识别率严重降低。字符匹配算法可以解决这个问题，但是它无法识别由于相机在拍摄瞬问的平移和旋转而产生位移的星图。为了克服这一缺陷，提出了一种有效的星图识别算法，该算法在生成导航星数据库时以一些一定范围内的亮星为中心，把整个天球分为很多个四方形区域，然后根据被拍摄星图的特点从这些四方形区域内选取子区域参与星图识别。仿真结果表明该算法不但继承了字符匹配算法的优点，而且对星图位移有很强的鲁棒性。     

星敏感器在轨光行差修正方法研究

星敏感器作为目前航天器中最重要的姿态测量敏感器,其精度直接影响航天器姿态测量精度,因此对其误差源进行分析和修正则尤为重要。提出了一种星敏感器在轨光行差修正方法,根据光行差产生的原理和特点,将星敏感器沿探测器X和Y方向产生的光行差误差角巧妙地转换为光行差误差四元数,并直接对输出四元数进行修正,从而为修正星敏感器光行差提供了一种方便简洁的方法。